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1.配置 apt 源 ​

打开 /etc/apt/sources.list 文件

bash
nano /etc/apt/sources.list

如果看到类似下面的行：

bash
deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 12.7.0 _Bookworm_ - Official amd64 DVD Binary-1 with firmware 20240831-10:40] bookworm main

将这些行注释掉（在行首添加 #）或直接删除它们。最终文件内容可能会像下面这样：

bash
# deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 12.7.0 _Bookworm_ - Official amd64 DVD Binary-1 with firmware 20240831-10:40] bookworm main

添加清华大学源

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free

最终文件内容可能会像下面这样：

deb

2.更新软件包 ​

bash
apt update

3.升级已安装的软件包 ​

bash
apt upgrade -y